The Myth Of Doctor Faustus By Christopher Marlowe

During our first few weeks of class we have read a few plays in our book The Norton Anthology of Drama Shorter Second Edition by Gainor, Garner Jr., and Puchner. Out of the plays we have read, ranging from Oedipus the King by Sophocles to The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe, the play Everyman by Anonymous uses drama to reflect upon the religious and political concerns of the time. Everyman took place during the 1530’s. Drama in the medieval church developed through the early religious plays. This medieval drama is what powered the Christian religious and moral themes during the middle ages. Throughout the morality play, which is â€Å"also called morality, an allegorical drama popular in Europe especially during the 15th and 16th centuries, in which the characters personify moral qualities (such as charity or vice) or abstractions (as death or youth) and in which moral lessons are taught†(Encyclopedia Britannica Online), there are certain th emes that reflect these concerns such as a pilgrimage, reckoning and judgment, worldly goods, and death. Throughout the play, Everyman’s journey could also be portrayed as a pilgrimage. A pilgrimage in religious terms is a journey taken to a sacred or religious place. The religious journey Everyman had taken, ultimately led him to heaven in the end. In order to reach heaven and pass on to a spiritual journey, Everyman had to learn to let go of the things he had attachments towards. Money is a good example, â€Å"OShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Christopher Marlowe s Doctor Faustus1416 Words   |  6 Pagesmotivational force? The following essay will examine the actions of the characters within Christopher Marlowe’s drama text Doctor Faustus in terms of witchcraft, lust, and other motivational forces, to come to a conclusion on which force is the most influential. Within the text, witchcraft is one of the main forces that influences the actions of the character Faustus himself. At the beginning of the text, Faustus becomes displeased with the knowledge he has so far gained, and aspires for more. He reviewsRead More The tragical history of Doctor Faustus Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesThe tragical history of Doctor Faustus, which followed in the wake of Tamburlaine, is acclaimed by all as Marlowes best play in which the leaven of fertile poetry and fearless imagination works wonders. Introduction: The tragical history of Doctor Faustus, which followed in the wake of Tamburlaine, is acclaimed by all as Marlowes best play in which the leaven of fertile poetry and fearless imagination works wonders. The idea of a passionate struggle to reach beyond the grasp of Read More Faustus Essay2501 Words   |  11 Pagesancient myth of the magician who sells his soul to the Devil for occult powers, Marlowe has fashioned a veritable fable of Renaissance man† (Source 5 113). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The goal of any true renaissance man is to improve himself. This goal may border on heresy, as it leads to a man trying to occupy the same position as God. Lucifer commits this same basic sin to cause his own fall. To Doctor Faustus, this idea of sin is of no concern at the beginning of Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor FaustusRead MoreRole Of Religion In Doctor Faustus1080 Words   |  5 PagesExplore the role of religion in Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus In his tragedy ‘Doctor Faustus’ Christopher Marlowe extensively explores the religious tensions and constraints within society, often satirising and mocking the institutions of established religion — particularly the Catholic church — as he examines the dual forces of damnation and redemption. Marlowe’s titular character of Faustus challenges order and divine forces at every turn, and religion, which was a theme highly topical and sometimesRead MoreEssay on Motivations for Faustuss Rebellion1485 Words   |  6 Pagesthe name of Faust or Faustus sells his soul to the devil for twenty-four years of ultimate worldly power. Although the tale of this German scholar/ magician called Johann Faust or Faustus has been re-told many times over, no version has become more prominent and controversial in English literature and history than that of Christopher Marlowes play first published eleven years after his death in 1604. Marlowes reworking is possibly the first dramatization of the medieval myth of a man who sold hisRead More The Religious Motivations of Christopher Marlowes Dr Faustus1786 Words   |  8 PagesThe Religious Motivations of Christopher Marlowes Dr Faustus Dr Faustus is a short play written by Christopher Marlowe. The play is a masterful insight into the paradoxical soul of mankind and its ironically self inflicted corruption. The play could be classified as a theological allegory. It can be assumed that the play specifically speaks to the religious motivations of the time, but can be adapted to the present as well. Marlowe portrays Faustus’ ambition as dangerous; it was the cause ofRead MoreFaustus Sins1771 Words   |  8 PagesDr Faustus and Seven Sins Dr Faustus is a short play written by Christopher Marlowe. The play is a masterful insight into the paradoxical soul of mankind and its ironically self inflicted corruption. The play could be classification as a theological allegory. It can be assumed that the play specifically speaks to the religious motivations of the time, but can be adapted to the present as well. Marlowe portrays Faustus ambition as dangerous; it was the cause of his demise. Perhaps MarloweRead More Docter Faustus Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages The truth that ambition and desire for material objects does not always satisfy the soul is a major theme depicted in Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus. The poem on page 93, lines 96-113 is the essence of this theme. It describes Faustus meeting, what he believes, is the icon of perfection. This perfection is a mere human women, yet, to Faustus, she is worth his life. Marlowe’s use of syntax and diction, allusions and references, and other literary devices throughout this monologue give supportRead More Comparing Christopher Marlow’s Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeare’s Macbeth2460 Words   |  10 PagesDesire for Knowledge and Power in Christopher Marlow’s Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeare’s Macbeth Plays written during the Renaissance often show how an individual is shaped by that person’s deepest ambitions, such as the desire to know, to rule, or to love, and how these aspirations can lead people down dramatic paths.   Christopher Marlow’s Doctor Faustus and William Shakespeare’s Macbeth both involve noble protagonists who are portrayed as true subjects -   tragic heroes; their selfhoodRead MoreHelen Of Troy1455 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Helen of Troy In Greek mythology, Helen of Troy, also known as Helen of Sparta, was the daughter of Zeus and Leda, and was a sister of Castor, Pollux, and Clytemnestra. In Greek myths, she was considered the most beautiful woman in the world. By marriage she was Queen of Laconia, a province within Homeric Greece, the wife of King Menelaus. Her abduction by Paris, Prince of Troy, brought about the Trojan War. Elements of her putative biography come from classical authors such as Aristophanes, Cicero

Splice The Movie - 959 Words

Genetically modified organisms (GMO) are the central subject of the movie Splice. A couple of brilliant but rebellious scientists combine genes from different plant and animal species to create a new life form. While this is a fictional film, GMOs are very real. The use of GMOs is currently under serious scrutiny and debate. Our foods and some animals are already being genetically modified, are humans the next step? Splice performs this ultimate experiment, and then suffers the ethical challenges and consequences the decision triggers. By making one catastrophic moral choice the scientists compromise themselves both morally and ethically, paving the way for further moral degradation. Does one bad ethical choice make it easier†¦show more content†¦Death tends to end the evaluative process. (Purtilo, 2005, pp.76-92) Genetic modification has been around for quite some time. According to Lemaux (2006), it started when people first chose to plant hardier varieties of plants which were able to resist extreme temperatures and pests. What started as gene selection has advanced to gene modification with the discovery of DNA mapping. DNA mapping has given us the technology needed to make GMOs a reality. This is a hotly debated topic as the long term consequences of genetically modified food and medicines have yet to be established. Some countries have banned genetically modified food sources, while others, like the United States mostly embrace it. We lead the world with the highest percentage of genetically modified crops (U.S. Department of Energy Genome Programs, 2008). As this technology continues to evolve and more areas for its use expand, additional ethical questions will be raised. Splice takes a peak into our future and attempts to tackle those ethical dilemmas. At every turn, the characte rs in this film make yet another poor ethical choice and endure the consequences of their actions. This film could be taken as a worst case scenario of human gene modification. As the technology continues to evolve, we can only hope that the leading scientists have a higher ethical standard than those portrayed in the movie Splice. References Hoban, S. (Producer), Natalie, V.Show MoreRelatedSale - Pro Plans Are 20% Off Today View Plans. Gradeproof1164 Words   |  5 Pages Plagiarism PRO Scroll Automatically Word Count: 557 Sentence Count: 28 Readability: 11.52 % Grade Level: 16.59 years Reading Time: 2 minutes Speaking Time: 4 minutes Type your title here... Genetic Engineering is a common theme of Gattaca, Splice, and Blade Runner. Gattaca takes place in a future where the best opportunities are given people that have the best genes, as a result from Genetic Engineering (cite). The main character Vincent has not been genetically engineered and has many healthRead More Fight Club: The Destruction of Society Essay example785 Words   |  4 Pageswell done as the movie is, when watching the film you can not help but feel the irony involved that Brad Pitt delivers the most biting lines in the film. Brad Pitt plays Tyler Durden whose Unabomber philosophy on life completely contradicts Brad Pitt’s image as a poster child for the new young pretty boy Hollywood star. Interestingly enough Edward Norton and Brad Pitt play the same schizophrenic character; though this is not evident until the end of the film. Every scene in the movie is some form ofRead MoreBowling For Columbine Essay748 Words   |  3 PagesBowling for Columbine, a film by Michael Moore tries to bring some very important points to the foreground of American culture and to some degree succeeds, however, by manipulating different things in this movie it makes it hard for me to totally agree with what he has to say. One point Mr. Moore and I do agree on is that racism, specifically against African American males is still very alive in America. Also, I agree that the media tries to find a quick and easy scapegoat toRead MoreBowling for Columbine by Michael Moore743 Words   |  3 Pagesdeceptive techniques within the film is strictly for â€Å"commercial success† (Hardy). This website highlights all the things that Michael Moore has done wrong in all of his work, but in the section devoted to â€Å"Bowling For Columbine† it says that the film â€Å"splices two different election ads,† (Hardy) which is not good to do when trying to expose the truth. To expose the truth, the filmmaker must use truthful facts, otherwise their credibility will be diminished. After coming across this website made by a seriousRead MoreThe Limits Of Scientific Limits1306 Words   |  6 Pagescause irreversible mass murder of a targeted group. For example, a scientist that has the available means to create a germ that could infect people with a multitude of different dangerous diseases. A specific example of a possible super-germ is a spli ce between smallpox and ebola (Guinan, 305). Such capabilities, as a belief of Guinan, should be prohibited due to the human death occurred during the trials and if the super-germ got out into the public thus the tests would become unethical. Not onlyRead MoreLiterary Analysis of Fight Club1481 Words   |  6 Pagesformed in an attempt to overthrow the upper class who undermines the lower class. There are a number of scenes in the story, which highlights the struggle between classes. For instance, when Tyler pees in the soup of an upper class person, when he splices pornography into films and the scene when a mechanic takes the unnamed narrator to steal body fat. The characters here do all they can to fight against the upper class people and to get revenge. The struggle between classes is highlighted when theRead MoreFor This Final Analysis I Will Be Looking More In Depth1482 Words   |  6 Pages For this final analysis I will be looking more in depth to the movie The Hunger Games directed by Gary Ross and released March 23, 2012. In this movie there are two characters that we see the most Katniss, played by Jenifer Lawrence, and Peeta, played by Josh Hutcherson. Other characters that become familiar are Gale, played by Liam Hemsworth, Effie Trinket, played by Elizabeth Banks, Haymitch, played by Woody Harrelson, Primrose, played by Willow Shields, Mrs. Everdeen, played by Paula MalcomsonRead MoreThe Polarity of a Man (Fight Club)1364 Words   |  6 PagesThe Polarity of a Man The conflict between conformity and rebellion has always been a struggle in our society. Fight Club is a movie that depicts just that. The movie portrays the polarity between traditionalism and an anti-social revolt. It is the story of man who is subconsciously fed up with the materialism and monotony of everyday life and thereafter creates a new persona inside his mind to contrast and counteract his repetitive lifestyle. The main character is actually unnamed, but sometimesRead MoreEssay on Fight Club - Conformity vs Rebellion1333 Words   |  6 PagesFight Club - Conformity vs Rebellion The conflict between conformity and rebellion has always been a struggle in our society. Fight Club is a movie that depicts just that. The movie portrays the polarity between traditionalism and an anti-social revolt. It is the story of man who is subconsciously fed up with the materialism and monotony of everyday life and thereafter creates a new persona inside his mind to contrast and counteract his repetitive lifestyle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main character is actuallyRead MoreThe History of Film Editing1382 Words   |  5 PagesMy grandpa is always talking about how much movies have changed with time. His favorite movie, E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial, is an example of how editing and special effects have changed drastically since 1982 and even before that. Watching a movie from this year compared to a movie from the 1930s, you would notice many differences. In the beginning, there was no digital technology to edit films. There have also been important contributors to help evolvement in film editing. In the process of editing

The Effects Of Renewable Energy On The Earth s Climate

Over the years, the unequivocal increase in the Earth’s climate has been an issue concerning environmentalists and other scientists. With overwhelming evidence pointing to environmentally damaging human behavior as the culprit for the Earth’s rising temperature, a search for cleaner and renewable energy sources creates a vastly growing alternative energy industry. One of the most widely used forms of renewable energy is hydroelectricity. Like the name implies, hydroelectricity refers to the generation of electricity through use of hydropower. In particular, the gravitational energy of falling, flowing, or spinning water can be transferred to electric energy through Newton’s Law of Conservation of Energy (i.e. energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be transferred from one form to another).9 This renewable energy source has grown in popularity vastly over time since the industrial revolution, and now accounts for nearly 15 percent of the Earth’s t otal electricity generation.9 The benefits hydroelectricity speak for themselves; hydroelectricity yields no direct waste, has a relatively low costs and expenses, and releases considerably less carbon dioxide emissions than the burning of fossil fuels. However, some recent studies have suggested that the vast benefits of hydroelectricity do not outweigh the damaging effects on the surrounding ecosystem. Hydroelectric power has been used in its most basic form in ancient times to perform agricultural and other laborShow MoreRelatedGreenhouse Gas Emissions And Climate Change967 Words   |  4 PagesGreenhouse Gas Emissions Resulting in Climate Change The Sun is responsible for all of the energy that enters the Earth’s atmosphere. The Earth s energy is in balance when Earth emits the same amount of energy as it absorbs (Schneider, 1987). But today, the Earth is absorbing more energy than is what is being released due to increases in greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere (Herbert, 2007). Out of the total energy entering the Earth’s atmosphere, as seen in Figure 1, only 30% is being reflectedRead MoreFossil Fuels : An Essential Foundation1416 Words   |  6 Pagesthese prehistoric sources of energy have lately been identified to be a major source of an onset against the well-being of the Earth. Because of the adverse effects of fossil fuels, the effort placed into the solutions for prevention, and the obstacles that will hinder the implementation of the solutions, global climate change through the use of fossil fuels is an imperative fact that invokes the immediate action of governments around the world. To start, climate change requires immediate attentionRead MoreClimate Change1705 Words   |  7 PagesOutline: 1-Introduction for climate change †¢ Background information †¢ Definition of climate change 2-Body: A- The causes of climate change †¢ The causes of climate change †¢ Natural causes of climate change B- Effects of climate change †¢ Human effects on climate change †¢ Greenhouse gases effect †¢ Changing in the ecosystems. C- Solutions for climate change: †¢ Avoid cutting trees and forests †¢ The use of the renewable resources †¢ Sequestration 3-Read MoreClimate Change Is An Environmental And Business Issue1454 Words   |  6 PagesClimate change is an environmental and business issue that has gained more and more attention from society nowadays. The meaning of it seems to be not as easy as its name indicates which is merely a difference in climate. NASA (2011) reports, â€Å"Climate change, therefore, is a change in the typical or average weather of a region or city†¦ Climate change is also a change in Earth s overall climate. This could be a change in Earth s average temperature, for example.† Therefore, climate change in ourRead MoreBio Final Outline892 Words   |  4 PagesSentence: By using non-renewable resources mankind is putting a strain on the earth and causing global warming. 　 Paragraph: Do you know the difference between a non- renewable resource and a renewable resource? A non- renewable resource is a natural resource such as coal, gas, or oil that, once consumed, cannot be replaced. A renewable resource any natural resource (as wood or solar energy) that can be replenished naturally with the passage of time. By using non-renewable resources mankind is puttingRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The Earth Essay1733 Words   |  7 PagesSave the Earth The Earth is slowly dying and we can save it, however, it requires some initiative. Global warming, or climate change, is a very real problem that may soon wipe out the Earth’s resources. Some of which include necessary items such as natural foods and water. This problem doesn’t just happen in some third-world country no one has heard of. This is happening right in our own back yards. This problem has a very simple solution: conserve energy, cut down on Carbon Dioxide emissionsRead MoreThe Inexact Science of Climatology667 Words   |  3 Pagesthe ‘greenhouse effect’, and human activity has caused the accumulation of greenhouse gasses to increase across the world (McKibben Wilcoxen, 2002). The application of microeconomic principles can be used to address some of the fallout of the climate change caused by the greenhouse effect. In this paper we will take a look at three such measures and what their application can mean to the industry. The same way that there are various uncertain factors when accounting for climate change (clouds,Read MoreNew And Alternative Sources Of Energy1311 Words   |  6 Pages Today s society uses enormous amounts of energy. *The shadow of our presence on this planet is a result of generations upon generations of production and utilization of energy*. New and alternative sources of energy are being developed to replace the declining accessibility of coal and fossil fuels. Use of renewable energy is a key component in combatting the climate change that has become a major issue in the 21st century. Reducing our impact on the climate as a result of greenhouse gas emissionsRead MoreRenewable Sources Of Energy Effectively Replace Fossil Fuels Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesAlternative energy Can renewable sources of energy effectively replace fossil fuels? Can renewable sourves of energy effecticely replace fossil fuels? Is the question of the century.the answer to this question could profouldly change the world, it could put us In a new era a one for the better. But due to the largest oil and gas companies exxon mobil, royal dutch shell, bp, Sinopec and bureaucracy the steps are not being taken to insure our future. The government is corrupted, State officialsRead MoreAnalysis Of Renewables Or Bust And Its Effects On Our Health And Environment?1503 Words   |  7 PagesRenewables or Bust Many American cities have experienced the phenomenon of smog or haze at one point or another. This smog has led the general population, political leaders, and scientists to ask the question, â€Å"What produces this haze and what are the impacts on our health and environment?† (Fischetti). The average amount of energy consumed per person has dramatically increased over the past several hundred years (Christensen, 482). The prevalence of fossil fuel use in our world is a primary

Violence in the Athletic World - 591 Words

HHPR 878-99 We can pretend that sports are not the main source of entertainment in today’s society. Whether we are athletes playing the sport, avid fans watching our teams and their statistics, or the coaches, it is our character to always be in tuned to what is going on in the competitive sports world. Now, our competitive nature can either give us an edge in life or, in opposition, can cause us to burn bridges. To elaborate, being competitive shows determination, hard work, and is a form of utilizing our gifted talents, resulting in positive outcomes; this is referring to anything in life, not just athletics. On the other hand, being competitive to the point that we are losing teammates, friends, and those close to us shows poor sportsmanship and can have a negative effect on character. Physical violence is just one among the many different types of violence in today’s athletic world. Some of the more common non-physical abuses among both male and female athletes are substance abuse, eating disorders, and verbal abuse/emotional stress. Although these are not physical, they have the potential to eventually lead to physical violence and injuries. We all have heard numerous theories of steroid and substance abuse. It can cause not only physical changes to the body, but can also cause emotional and psychological alterations, including aggressive behavior that is not easily controlled. The use of performance enhancing drugs is not a recent conflict; it has been talked ofShow MoreRelatedEssay What Does Violence Mean to the Greek?1142 Words   |  5 PagesViolence was the basis of polis culture and it helped unify Hellas. In every aspect of the polis some sort of violence is involved, whether it is athletic or intellectual, violence exists everywhere. According to Homer, violence means courage, strength, power, the might of domination, the taking of human life and psychological violence. Hesiod, on the other hand, defines two different types of viole nce: one which is hateful and is shown in war and the other which is peaceful which is expressed inRead MoreDomestic Violence, Racial Socioeconomic Disparities, And Racial Labeling1655 Words   |  7 PagesAs we constantly hear of professional athletes being involved in domestic violence and other violent crimes, it is important to notice a trend. There is always some athlete being accused of some form of domestic violence. True sociological issues need to be addressed when violent issues such as the O.J. Simpson case arises. 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For example, the Facilities and Event Management course covers topics which allow one to navigate the complex world of sports stadiums of professional and collegiate backgrounds. Sports Analytics covers the fastest rising trend in professional sports. With a background of not only the statistical application, but economical theory as well, this course prepares anRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Boyz N The Hood 1268 Wor ds   |  6 Pagesthe hood have close friendships, some form close relationships by assembling gangs and create a world of violence due to alcohol abuse, which together ultimately breeds discrimination. The impoverished conditions in which the residents of this community live are difficult based on the surrounding violence and discrimination they face. Tre, Ricky’s best friend, is able to survive the surrounding violence and discrimination through his father’s sensational leadership; he therefore knows what to do inRead More Sports and Gender Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pageson gender-labeling of sports based on a Swedish sample (Koivula, 1995)) (Koivula, 2001). Principal component analysis performed on the second questionnaire resulted in twelve factor-based scales: 1) Aesthetics and Femininity; 2) Danger/Risk and Violence; 3) Team Spirit; 4) Fair Play and Morals; 5) Speed; 6) Advanced Skills and Precision; 7) Commercialism; 8) Strength and Endurance; 9) Equipment; 10) Masculinity; 11) Excitement and Challenge; and 12) Cognitive Efficiency. All sports labeled as feminineRead MoreThe Film Rocky Horror Picture Show The Character Dr. Frank O Brien Essay1327 Words   |  6 Pagesprison but after the trial he was granted a six-month sentence in a county jail. 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There are also school-wide based gangs such as Trulla Mafia, Fast Cash, Stacks Squad, Young Mob, Vicelord Cartel and etc. These gangs are capturing the youth while they areRead MoreThe Film Rocky Horror Picture Show By Richard O Brien Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pagesprison but after the trial, he was g ranted a six-month sentence in a county jail. Furthermore, the Baylor bubble refers to Baylor’s secluded campus and how a bubble is created that cuts the wealthy students off from the rest of Waco and the outside world By addressing the problems of masculinity as the underlying issue of sexual assault on college campuses then the problem can begin to be solved on a national scale. In the Stanford rape case, the victim (who remains anonymous) wrote a letter to Brock

New Imperialism in Africa Free Essays

What was new imperialism? New Imperialism refers to the colonial expansion adopted by Europe’s powers and, later, Japan and the United States, during the 19th and early 20th centuries; from the Franco-Prussian War to World War I The period is distinguished by an unprecedented pursuit of what has been termed â€Å"empire for empire’s sake,† aggressive competition for overseas territorial acquisitions and the emergence in colonizing . 2. Define the white man’s burden and the scramble for Africa?The white man’s burden was a term used to describe when the Europeans decided to colonize Africa and then went on to spread the Christian religion and spread the idea of democracy to the heathens of the African continent. We will write a custom essay sample on New Imperialism in Africa or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Scramble for Africa, also known as the Race for Africa, was the proliferation of conflicting European claims to African territory during the New Imperialism period, between the 1880s and World War I in 1914. 3. What were the criticisms of the New Imperialism?The negative effect of new imperialism was the fact that Africa was divided among the natural boundaries and not by the cultural boundaries affecting Africa in the long run and also stripping Africa of all their natural resources and destroyed their government. 4. How did the Berlin Conference affect Africa? The 14 European powers that held this conference had no considerations of the peoples of Africa. They had decided to split Africa based on environmental boundaries and not on the tribal boundaries which would later case war and the dysfunctional government that Africa had today. How to cite New Imperialism in Africa, Papers

Impact of E Commerce On The Small Enterprises †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Impact of E-Commerce On The Small Enterprises. Answer: Introduction The technology of e-commerce helps in offering number of potential benefits for business of the organizations. The main aim of the paper is to elaborate the impact of e-commerce on the small enterprises of developing countries. According to Choshin and Ghaffari (2017), small enterprises are considered as the fastest changing sector and it is posited that small enterprises can substantially achieve proper amount of benefit from e-commerce. It is found that the adoption of e-commerce is influenced by the governments of developing countries for achieving proper amount of success as well as for economic development of their country. In addition to this the advantages that are offered by the e-commerce in small enterprises is considered as one of the important factor for the growth of the developing countries. The paper identifies how the small enterprises of developing countries are impacted by the adoption of e-commerce as compared to developed countries. Importance of E-commerce for small enterprises of developing countries According to Ahmad et al. (2015), E-commerce is defined as one of the business or economic activity that helps in enabling selling as well as buying of products in order to provide the facility of business transaction. It is identified that e-commerce has a potential of adding higher value to the consumers as well as businesses in developing countries in comparison to developed countries Falk and Hagsten (2015, pp. 358). However, with the rapid growth and develop of ecommerce, it is identified that the rate adoption of e-commerce in developing countries by the small enterprises are slower as compared to the small enterprises of the developed countries. It is stated by Hanna (2016) that the SMEs of developing countries are moving towards e-commerce in order to achieve success. The presence of e-commerce has expanded quite rapidly and this is due to the benefits as well as opportunities that the businesses are getting with the implementation of e-commerce. The concept of utilizing the e-commerce with the help of internet software as well as services helps in endeavor the linkage of internet use with the various types of opportunities that it generally offers to the firms Turban et al. (2017,pp.57). It further helps in recognizing that the strategic potential of internet use helps in controlling the bounds of relationships as well as interfaces that is mainly utilized between the business as well as customers that is mainly associated with the strategy of the firm. Impact of e-commerce on small enterprises It is opined by Abou-Shouket al. (2016) e-commerce helps in offering a number of potential benefits both to large business as well as to small enterprises. The studies help in elaborating the benefit as well as impact of e-commerce on the business of the organization. E-commerce helps in offering number of unmatched savings in terms of different types of transaction costs Savrul, Incekara and Sener (2014, pp. 37). In addition to this, it is identified that with the utilization of e-commerce the business can shorten their traditional supply chains for minimizing the transportation obstacles. Despite of the benefits that the small enterprises obtain due to the adoption of e-commerce into their business, it is identified that there are number of problems that are associated with the identification of appropriate application of e-commerce and its strategy due to lack of proper planning as well as knowledge in ICT White, Afolayan and Plant (2014, pp.34). Consequently, it is quite hard to witness that the SMEs owners as well as managers will finally develop the strategy of ICT through a trial and error procedure. According to Awiagah, Kang and Lim (2016), e-commerce is considered as the most important instrument of the economy. The government of the developing countries is trying to enhance its usage so that the small enterprises of the developing countries can be aware about the adoption of e-commerce in business. The governments of different developing countries are raising efficiency for accelerating the economic growth of their country. It is stated by Abdulhakeem, Edwards and McDonald (2017) that may developing countries are also planning serious bid for making the best utilization of e-commerce in order to boost the growth of the small enterprises. Financial benefit of e-commerce on small enterprises of developing countries It is stated by Rahayu and Day (2017) that e-commerce is one of the medium of trade that mainly helps in creating a positive impact on the economy of the developing countries. It will be helpful in curtailing national debts as well as inflation debts of the developing countries in order to enhance the gross national product. Not only does e-commerce helps in creating a positive impact on the economy of the small enterprises but it also helps in curtailing the national debt of the developing countries for experiencing a more open economy as well as for enhancing competitive advantage Uwamariya, Cremer and Loebbecke (2015, pp.67). Such an opportunity by the e-commerce utilization in developing countries helps in holding lot of promise for developing the country economically by providing proper opportunities of penetrating both the national as well as the international market. The opportunities that are provided by e-commerce are for small enterprises of the developing countries that ge nerally lacks resources. It is identified that the advent of e-commerce as well as internet are quite helpful in reducing the costs that are associated with the business. It is identified that the changes that is sparked by the ecommerce helps in creating a important impact on the economy of the developing countries. The growth of e-commerce retail sales has reduced search cost of the consumers that generally helps in placing downward pressure on the prices of the consumer for minimizing the price dispersion for many consumer goods. This lead to substantial minimization in the number of companies that are operating in different industries that generally tend to be less involved with the e-commerce Rahayu (2015, pp.65).The rapid growth of e-ecommerce is helpful in providing major boost for different residential parcel delivery services. E-commerce as well as globalization enhances the connectivity and the speed with which the sales transactions can be conducted. It is identified that there is a tremendous enhance in online sales due to the utilization of e-commerce in small enterprises of the developing countries. It is identified that business revenue mainly incorporates an e-commerce platform for enhancing it up to 150%. This is generally attributed that most of the people generally prefers access as well as convenience of e-commerce platform. According to Panneerselvam (2016), economic condition is mainly recognized as one of the most important driver for adoption of e-commerce. Both the GDP as well as income per capita helps in indicating the economic condition of the developing countries. The e-commerce generally helps in depending on different technology infrastructures that are generally needed for connecting different regions as well as parties within the developing countries. Socioeconomic benefit of e-commerce on small enterprises of developing countries It is opined by Da Costa (2016) that e-commerce generally helps in carrying strong socioeconomic implications on the developing countries. The people of developing countries will be able to perform different types of transactions in the business for elevating their standards as well as quality of life. E-commerce utilization in small enterprises helps in creating high opportunity for the business of small enterprises with proper market access. Electronic commerce will be helpful in generating productive gains by minimizing the transaction cost of the business. It is analyzed that the consumers will also get the benefit through reduced search costs that generally helps increasing competition as well as reducing the prices. Procurement benefit of e-commerce on small enterprises of developing countries It is stated by Mazzarol (2015) that the firms of developing countries generally utilizes internet in order to achieve different kinds of procurement as well as inventory savings. The potential for saving by the small enterprises can be mainly divided into minimized processing costs for procurement transactions, reduced price inputs that are mainly attributed for enhancing competition as well as for improving the inventory control. It is identified that utilization of electronic inventory as well as transferring information helps in enabling the producers to minimize the time components as well as various types of raw materials that are generally utilized in different stages of processing. It is identified that even small reduction in the holding of inventory can cause substantial rise in profit because of the average cost to retailers. It is opined by Edefiell and Riesbeck (2015) that procurement in small enterprise of the developing countries is quite slow as well as less intensive than in developed countries so the technical efficiency that is gained from transfer of procurement system is quite large. Additionally the savings in working capital from minimized holdings of inventories is found to be quite significant for developing countries when the cost of capital is quite high. Productivity gains due to the use of e-commerce in small enterprises of developing countries According to Mazzarol (2015), productivity gains can be achieved by improving as well as eliminating the efficiency of intermediaries that are mainly associated with themarketing as well as distribution departments. It is identified that eliminating as well as transforming various types if intermediary functions generally helps in enabling the small enterprises of the developing countries to access both domestic as well as foreign markets at very much lower cost Rusko and Pekkala (2017, pp.176). The small enterprises of the developing countries mainly aim to help the domestic companies. Therefore, net externalities of work which is combined with lower marginal cost of adding new users means that the market of providing different types of intermediary services helps in offering considerable advantage to the company. In addition to this, developing countries also does not able to capture the cost savings from reduced intermediation. It is stated by Alrousan and Jones (2016) that the internet helps in offering the proper potential of saving the retail transactions as compared with traditional systems. It is suggested that greater the availability of information to consumers about the savings on the provided services then greater will be the productivity of the staffs of small enterprises of developing countries. Preliminary studies suggest that goods that are sold on the internet were priced higher than in stores Eid and El-Gohary (2013,pp.32).The lower cost of service transaction have very much little effect on the small enterprises of the developing countries than in developed countries because the lower wages that are paid in the developing countries means that the enterprise have very much little incentive for undertaking the fixed cost that is generally involved in setting up the electronic system. It is opined by Laudon and Traver (2013) that the utilization of e-commerce in small organization assists in improving access as well as the ease of information that further helps in enhancing the productivity of the capital for raising its return in context to labor. It is identified that the utilization of e-commerce by small enterprises helps in increasing the demand for skilled labor. Electronic commerce helps in increasing regional equality. It is identified that some aspects of electronic commerce could be helpful in mitigating the impact of inequality in the developing countries Pantano (2014, pp.345). The minimized production costs enhance the demand of the workers despite the fall in the input of production. It is identified that electronic commerce helps in enhancing market transparency by minimizing search costs as well as reliance on intermediaries. It is found that this effect of minimizing the process of different skill-incentive goods helps in increasing the income of work. It is stated by Kurniaet al. (2015) that due to the use of electronic commerce, the sales as well asmarketing roles in small enterprises enhances in a global supply chain network. The steady growth of the small enterprises in the developing countries has been changed due to the use of e-commerce. The growth as well as utilization of e-commerce in small enterprises of the developing countries helps in substantially reducing the transaction costs as well as helps in improving the supply chain management by reducing the cost that is mainly associated with global sourcing Alrousan and Jones (2016, pp.270). Moreover, the growth of e-commerce helps in placing downward pressure on inflation and assists in enhancing productivity, competitiveness as well as profit margins. Other additional benefits of e-commerce in small enterprises The adoption of ecommerce by small enterprises in the developing countries assists in providing number of advantages. Several studies help in categorizing the benefit that the small enterprises of the developing countries gained due to the adoption of e-commerce. The benefits are generally divided into three important areas that include cost savings, time savings as well as quality improvements. Direct benefits are quite quantifiable while the indirect benefits are not properly quantifiable and are not oftenly predictable. It is identified that both direct as well as indirect benefit that is mainly categorized into long terms as well as short term benefits Da Costa (2016, pp.47) It is identified that the short term benefits are realized in couple of months whereas the short term benefit can be achieved for gained are quite unpredictable. Additionally, it is analyzed that for all enterprises of developing countries, e-commerce helps in providing the benefit of reduced information that include search cost as well as different types of transaction costs. There are number of ways in which e-commerce helps in providing benefits. According to Mazzarol (2015), e-commerce helps in facilitating the development as well as promotion of business of the developing countries that further helps in achieving proper amount of financial benefit. Moreover, it assists in providing proper service to the enterprises of the developing countries by allowing them to operate properly as well as efficiently in provide proper benefit to the customers globally. Conclusion It can be concluded from the entire assignment that e-commerce creates positive impact on the small enterprises of the developing countries. It is identified that e-commerce not only provides number of opportunities to the small enterprises but also helps in providing number of benefits. The use of ecommerce helps in reducing cost, increasing sales, minimizing productivity as well as helps in reducing time processing. Additionally, e-commerce adoption by small enterprises helps in raising the economy of the developing countries by achieving proper financial growth. The opportunities as well as benefits that are provided to the enterprises who adopt e-commerce assist in enhancing the popularity of the technology. In spite of the advantages, it is identified that it provides number of complexities to the organization that adopt them. It is quite important to resolve the issues so that the adoption of ecommerce by the small enterprises of the developing countries is helpful in providing proper benefits. References Abdulhakeem, I., Edwards, H. and McDonald, S. (2017). E-commerce adoption in Developing Countries SMEs: What Do the Prevailing Theoretical Models Offer Us?. Abou-Shouk, M.A., Lim, W.M. and Megicks, P (2016). Using competing models to evaluate the role of environmental pressures in ecommerce adoption by small and medium sized travel agents in a developing country.Tourism Management,52, pp.327-339. Ahmad, S.Z., Abu Bakar, A.R., Faziharudean, T.M. and Mohamad Zaki, K.A. (2015). An empirical study of factors affecting e-commerce adoption among small-and medium-sized enterprises in a developing country: Evidence from Malaysia.Information Technology for Development,21(4), pp.555-572. Alrousan, M.K. and Jones, E. (2016). A conceptual model of factors affecting e-commerce adoption by SME owner/managers in Jordan.International Journal of Business Information Systems,21(3), pp.269-308. Awiagah, R., Kang, J. and Lim, J.I. (2016). Factors affecting e-commerce adoption among SMEs in Ghana.Information Development,32(4), pp.815-836. Choshin, M. and Ghaffari, A. (2017). An investigation of the impact of effective factors on the success of e-commerce in small-and medium-sized companies.Computers in Human Behavior,66, pp.67-74. Da Costa, E. (2016).Global e-commerce strategies for small businesses. Mit Press. Edefiell, C. and Riesbeck, M. (2015). Outcomes of e-commerce adoption within Swedish SME: A SME performance perspective. Eid, R. and El-Gohary, H. (2013). The impact of E-marketing use on small business enterprises' marketing success.The Service Industries Journal,33(1), pp.31-50. Falk, M. and Hagsten, E. (2015). E-commerce trends and impacts across Europe.International Journal of Production Economics,170, pp.357-369. Friedman, Th. L. (2005). The World is Flat. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Ghemawat, P. (2009). Why the World Isnt Flat. Foreign Policy, Available at: https://foreignpolicy.com/2009/10/14/why-the-world-isnt-flat/ Hanna, N.K. (2016). E-commerce as a techno-managerial innovation ecosystem: Policy implications.Journal of Innovation Management,4(1), pp.4-10. Kurnia, S., Choudrie, J., Mahbubur, R.M. and Alzougool, B. (2015). E-commerce technology adoption: A Malaysian grocery SME retail sector study.Journal of Business Research,68(9), pp.1906-1918. Laudon, K.C. and Traver, C.G. (2013).E-commerce. Pearson. Mazzarol, T. (2015). SMEs engagement with e-commerce, e-business and e-marketing.Small enterprise research,22(1), pp.79-90. Panneerselvam, R. (2016). Managing E-Commerce Adoption Challenges for SMEs in Developing Countries. InEncyclopedia of E-Commerce Development, Implementation, and Management(pp. 1241-1249). IGI Global. Pantano, E. (2014). Innovation drivers in retail industry.International Journal of Information Management,34(3), pp.344-350. Rahayu, R. and Day, J. (2017). E-commerce adoption by SMEs in developing countries: evidence from Indonesia.Eurasian Business Review,7(1), pp.25-41. Rahayu, R.(2015).E-Commerce Adoption by Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Indonesia: An Empirical Study of Influencing Factors and the Impact of E-Commerce Adoption on SME Performance(Doctoral dissertation, University of Huddersfield). Rusko, R. and Pekkala, J. (2017). About the E-commerce Activities in Finnish Lapland-Perspectives of Consumers and Entrepreneurs: E-Commerce in Lapland. InSocio-Economic Perspectives on Consumer Engagement and Buying Behavior(pp. 175-195). IGI Global. Savrul, M., Incekara, A. and Sener, S.(2014). The potential of e-commerce for SMEs in a globalizing business environment.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,150, pp.35-45. Stiglitz, J. E. (2007). Making Globalization Work. New York: W. W. Norton Company. Turban, E., Outland, J., King, D., Lee, J.K., Liang, T.P. and Turban, D.C. (2017).Electronic Commerce 2018: A Managerial and Social Networks Perspective. Springer. Uwamariya, M., Cremer, S. and Loebbecke, C.(2015). ICT for Economic Development in Rwanda: Fostering E-Commerce Adoption in Tourism SMEs. InProceedings of the SIG GlobalDev Eighth Annual Workshop. White, G.R., Afolayan, A. and Plant, E. (2014). Challenges to the adoption of e-commerce technology for supply chain management in a developing economy: a focus on Nigerian SMEs. InE-commerce Platform Acceptance(pp. 23-39). Springer International Publishing.

Organizational Citizenship Behavior Management

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Citizenship Behavior Management. Answer: Introduction The employment relationship existence is such a condition that can easily determine the application of the social security as well as the labor law provisions resolved towards the workers (Pinder 2014). Organizations always focus on improving the employment relationship to arrange huge manpower for executing their business operations. Thus, the improvement of employment relationship can be accomplished by motivating the organizational employees. However, in order to motivate the employees, money as well as the other financial rewards is the basic or the fundamental factor of establishing proper employment relationship. On the other hand, in this regard, the monetary incentives and the financial rewards can also be considered as the factors which are effectively utilized to motivate the employees (Bolino et al. 2013). Hence, this study is mainly aimed to properly demonstrate and critically analyze the pros and cons of the monetary incentives and financial rewards over the process of managing the employment relationship. Therefore, this study is also aimed to be undertaken with the help of the proper critical approach. In addition, this study also evaluates the important organizational problematic scenarios and formulates the proactive managerial interventions with the specific and special sensitivity to the social, ethical and cultural concerns. Discussion Employment relationship is the legal connection between the employees as well as employers. It has the existence while a person performs services or works under the specific conditions for remuneration. According to the viewpoint of Miner (2015), it is the major point of reference to determine the extent as well as the nature of the obligations and rights of employers to their employees. The employment relationship existence is such a condition that can easily determine the application of the social security as well as the labor law provisions resolved towards the workers. According to the point of view of Wagner and Hollenbeck (2014), this particular term is becoming more essential as of the increasingly widespread phenomenon of the dependent workers who lack the protection due to the combination of few significant factors. Firstly, these factors incorporate the fact that the laws scope is very narrow or it is interpreted very narrowly. In addition, the ambiguous and poor formulatio n of the law is also a significant factor that is resulted due to the unclear scope of the law (Bolino et al. 2013). However, in order to address such consequences, few recommendations are also aimed to be applied over the scope of employment relationship. After discussing the term, employment relationship in a brief as well as detailed manner, it can easily be stated that the organizations should always focus on improving the employment relationship to arrange huge manpower for executing their business operations (DuBrin 2013). Moreover, the enterprises keep always trying to do so. In order to build a good employment relationship as well as improve the relationship of organizations along with their employees, financial rewards are very crucial factor for enhancing job satisfaction (Sturman and Walsh 2014). Therefore, money and the other financial rewards are the basic and key part of the employment relationship. Apart from that, money can be termed as the extrinsic motivator for the employees in the organizations, thus for the workers also from the higher educational sectors (Hogg and Terry 2014). Moreover, it can also be utilized very effectively in order to motivate employees. However, this particular argument has both the pros as w ell as cons depending on few certain scenarios. It is a quite obvious fact that the employees always desire for their financial benefits from the company end because they serve for the organizations in order to earn a good salary for baring all their necessary expenses. They are giving all their effort to accomplish their roles and responsibilities towards their organizations for being the part of enhancing the organizational productivity and revenues (Rosenbloom 2014). Thus, they always want the extra financial support from the organizations where they are working loyally. Moreover, all the financial support provided from the organizations can help the employees for enhancing their career growth in future. The organizations can provide the financial support in mainly two ways towards their committed employees (Ackers 2014). The organizations can provide a good salary package to their employees as well as can also arrange bonus depending on their performance in the workplace. Furthermore, the companies can also provide the scopes to the employees for achieving financial rewards (Dau-Schmidt, Finkin and Covington 2016). The employees can earn these awards by putting their extra effort and by showing their talent in any kind of business operation, which lies within their roles and responsibilities. In general, the employees expect as well as also receive financial payment from their organizations in the form of their earned salary and commission or incentives. Moreover, this particular payment can be expected by the employees end as the outcome of their contribution to the organization or their efforts for accomplishing the organizational objectives as well (Craven 2015). The financial rewards are basically the monetary incentive or bonuses as well in addition to the compensation made in the regular basis that an employee earns by showing a good performance. Therefore, these kinds of financial rewards are greatly associated with the accomplishment of the organizational objectives (Bidwell et al. 2013). A reward often follows while an employee helps a company in the achievement of its goals. In regards to this matter, the most interesting fact is that all the financial rewards are extrinsic. Hence, according to the opinion of Dau-Schmidt, Finkin and Covington (2016), the extrins ic motivation is mainly based in the tangible rewards like paid time off, bonuses as well as pay raises. Organizations or the employers always aim to keep the loyal and the experienced employees for longer in order to get their complete support in future days as well (Hogg and Terry 2014). Thus, in this regard, the employers have to focus more on enhancing the motivational factors of the employees which are always aligned with the monetary aspects. The financial rewards are mainly based in the cost versus benefits consideration. Thus, the managers could not provide huge rewards or they would not accomplish the objectives of the organization regarding profit making from each sale (Blanger and Edwards 2013). Nevertheless, the reward could not also be very small in terms of motivating the sales team that it is not worth the employee efforts. On the other hand, the employees can get dissatisfied as well as do not perform to the proper standards in the absence of the equitable pay, the opportunities as well as recognition associated with training and development (Sturman and Walsh 2014). Therefore, this job dissatisfaction due to the unavailability of non-financial and financial reward usually results in the poor performance and high employee turnover. Employee empowerment can increase the motivation among the employees as well as their self worth. Therefore, the employees owe their jobs and come forward for taking responsibility of their activities in terms of avoiding any negative influence on the overall performance by their actions (D'Arcy and Greene 2014). Moreover, they are motivated for performing well with the greater commitment if the workers are provided autonomy towards a particular level to do their duties. According to the advantages of the financial rewards and money over the employment relationship, it can be stated that the performance appraisal plays a significant role in this matter (Rubery and Grimshaw 2016). The purpose of performance appraisal in maintaining the employment relationship is for informing the workers that the company is interested in their professional development. Moreover it also signals the message that the contribution of the employees is playing an important role as the organizational success factors (Kalleberg and Marsden 2015). Apart from that, the workers are motivated for contributing more to the organizational success as they are provided the appreciation and recognition for their contribution and effort. Moreover, the organizations can gain huge competitive advantage over the other firms by retaining and motivating the human resource by providing money and financial rewards to their employees (Kennedy 2016). On the other hand, the organizations can also motivate their high performers or the most experienced employees by giving the scope of earning the financial reward systems those can motivate the workers and increase job satisfaction as well. As per the Hertzbergs motivational theory, mainly two kinds of factors have potential impacts over the motivation of employees (Rumbles and Scott 2016). The motivating factors incorporate the caring attitude, recognition and appreciation from the employer and achievements. Moreover, the hygiene factors incorporate the worki ng environment, policies as well as pay. The performance management system can also play a significant role in motivating the employees by compensating as well as rewarding them due to their contribution towards the employer organizations. Therefore, it motivates the workers by giving their training opportunities and development. According to the viewpoint of Wagner and Hollenbeck (2014), the exact morale behind the performance appraisal is for making the employees feel that the success of the organizations is obtained due to their huge contribution. Moreover, it also converses the employees that the company is concerned authentically regarding their development. Thus, as a result of such thing, the motivation as well as commitment from the employee end enhances (Dau-Schmidt, Finkin and Covington 2016). The performance appraisal and promotion with good salary increment involves comparing the job behavior of the employees with job standard and proving feedback on their areas of improvement. Most importantly, salary is the mo st significant and motivating factor financial reward as it can enable the employees for living their lives with stability and dignity (Kalleberg and Marsden 2015). Thus, it can also be considered as the status symbol and is necessary for creating the belongingness. Besides the numerous advantages, money or the other financial rewards have few disadvantages or downsides with respect to the employment relationship. As the financial rewards, a bonus or the other incentive can come to be seen as the entitlement rather than a motivator while it is utilized continually (Rubery and Grimshaw 2016). On the other hand, it is also very easy for getting unintended consequences if an employer organization is not clear on the behaviors or it is hoping for incentivizing. For an instance, the creation of an incentive or commission for the sales persons is solely based on the generated revenue without any regard to the profitability (D'Arcy and Greene 2014). Moreover, such kind of program can also sometimes become de-motivating for the employees working in the organizations. The incentive schemes do not work always unfortunately through the way by which they were actually desired. Apart from that, it can become the reason of frustration while the monetary incen tives are tied with the group performance if there are perceptions of unequal contributions among the members of a particular group working within an organization (Rubery and Grimshaw 2016). In addition, the financial rewards or monetary incentives can result in the environment where the employees are trying actively for out-doing their colleagues, if the incentives are based on the competition among the employees. Furthermore, especially over time, the monetary incentives can be less effective than the non-monetary incentives (Kalleberg and Marsden 2015). However, the implementation always comes along with the costs. However, it can also take effort as well as time in terms of setting up and tracking the incentive programs and ensure they are accurately paid out. In order to address the cons or the issues associated with the monetary incentives and financial rewards in the employment relationship, the employers should be concerned about few factors (Rumbles and Scott 2016). The employers should think through the system in terms of ensuring that it is fair and would reward the correct behavior without the creation of an incentive for the related undesired behaviors. On the other hand, the employers should set it up in such a manner so that it would not at all discourage the teamwork made by the employees (Dau-Schmidt, Finkin and Covington 2016). Apart from that, the organizations should monitor the program for ensuring the fact that there is not any kind cheating has taken place. In addition, they should also create a direct connectivity between the eventual reward as well as the actions of the employees (Sturman and Walsh 2014). Moreover, the employees should also have the control over whether they achieve the objectives. Furthermore, the org anizations should also utilize the objectives of the enterprises that can be measured objectively as well as readily. Conclusion After conducting the entire study, it can be stated that money as well as the other financial rewards are the fundamental and essential factor for maintaining the employment relationship. Moreover, this study has also established the fact with the detailed discussion that money and other financial rewards can be effectively utilized in order to motivate the employees. Most importantly, this study has successfully demonstrated the pros or the advantages of monetary incentives over maintaining the employment relation by motivating the employees to get continuous contribution from their end. On the other hand, along with the advantages of financial rewards and monetary incentives, this study has successfully portrayed all the possible downsides of the monetary incentives. Most important fact associated with this study is that it has successfully shed light on the possible recommendations with the help of which the downsides can easily be addressed. In spite of the disadvantages, this st udy has successfully established the key fact that financial rewards are very crucial factor for enhancing job satisfaction in order to build a good employment relationship as well as improve the relationship of organizations with their employees. Reference Ackers, P., 2014. 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